If you read a paper from-the-beginningto-the-end, word-by-word, you are obediently following a path laid down by the author(s), who as a result, are de facto regarded by you as ‘authorities’ under this circumstance

problem of passive reading: obedient purposelessness
🔤如果您逐字逐句地从头到尾地阅读一篇论文，那么您就是顺从着作者所铺设的路径，因此在这种情况下，作者实际上被您视为“权威”。🔤

First, if you set out with the intention to simply absorb whatever information that the author(s) have chosen to feed you, it is impossible, by definition, for you to be critical at the same time. Therefore, you lose the ability to assess the strengths and weaknesses of the paper. Second, because you are approaching the paper without expectations, reading through the paper will not likely generate any surprise or ‘Eureka’ moments and therefore becomes a chore. Third, while you might learn some facts and gain a general impression of the work, passively reading will not give you a deep understanding of the rationale and experimental strategies behind the work (Scheme 1).

Reasons for why passive reading is inefficient and boring: lack of critical thinking, surprise(Eureka), and global perspective of rationale and strategies.
🔤首先，如果您出发的目的是简单地吸收作者选择为您提供的任何信息，那么您就无法在同一时间内进行批判。因此，您失去了评估论文优点和缺点的能力。其次，由于您没有期望地接近这篇论文，阅读论文不太可能产生任何惊喜或“欣喜若狂”的时刻，因此变得乏味。第三，虽然您可能会学到一些事实，获得对工作的一般印象，但被动阅读不会让您深刻理解工作背后的基本原理和实验策略（图1）。🔤